Computers use the two-state system to represent data. Such a two state system is referred to as a binary system. In computers these two states are denoted by the digits 0 and 1 and any such value is called a binary digit or bit. In side the computer these two states are typically implemented by using two different voltages.
The smallest unit of data that can be stored in a computer is a bit. A bit will have the value '0' or '1' . A large collection of such '0's or '1's is what makes up data in a computer.
Smallest Unit = 1 bit
8 bits = 1 byte (B)
1024 bytes = 1 kilobyte (KB)
1024 kilobytes = 1 megabyte (MB)
1024 megabyte = 1 gigabyte (GB)
1024 gigabyte = 1 terabyte (TB)
(In computer jargon, One Kilo = 1024)
(In computer jargon, One Kilo = 1024)
The capacity of a particular storage device and the space taken up by a file are always measured using these units.
Letters, numbers and special characters are represented within a computer by means of a binary coded scheme. Three popular binary coding schemes use eight bits to represent characters whereas Unicode uses 16 bits.
Letters, numbers and special characters are represented within a computer by means of a binary coded scheme. Three popular binary coding schemes use eight bits to represent characters whereas Unicode uses 16 bits.
Character | ASCII-8 | EBCDIC | Character | ASCII-8 | EBCDIC |
A B C D E F G H I J K L M | 0100 0001 0100 0010 0100 0011 0100 0100 0100 0101 0100 0110 0100 0111 0100 1000 0100 1001 0100 1010 0100 1011 0100 1100 0100 1101 | 1100 0001 1100 0010 1100 0011 1100 0100 1100 0101 1100 0110 1100 0111 1100 1000 1100 1001 1101 0001 1101 0010 1101 0011 1101 0100 | N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z | 0100 1110 0100 1111 0101 0000 0101 0001 0101 0010 0101 0011 0101 0100 0101 0101 0101 0110 0101 0111 0101 1000 0101 1001 0101 1010 | 1101 0101 1101 0110 1101 0111 1101 1000 1101 1001 1110 0010 1110 0011 1110 0100 1110 0101 1110 0110 1110 0111 1110 1000 1110 1001 |
0 1 2 3 4 ! | 0011 0000 0011 0001 0011 0010 0011 0011 0011 0100 0010 0001 | 1111 0000 1111 0001 1111 0010 1111 0011 1111 0100 0101 1010 | 5 6 7 8 9 ; | 0011 0101 0011 0110 0011 0111 0011 1000 0011 1001 0011 1011 | 1111 0101 1111 0110 1111 0111 1111 1000 1111 1001 0101 1110 |
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